These days, many 2D artists use 3D models as the foundation for their artwork. Often, a basic greyscale mannequin is posed in an app, with a quick screen grab being used to help guide proportions as they draw. For more complex landscape paintings, boxes are placed into a 3D scene and quickly rendered to offer help with composition, perspective and foreshortening.
With this in mind, I figured I'd put together a quick guide to the different approaches to 3D modelling for new artists, and remember these can be painted over and incorporated into a 2D workflow using the best digital art software.
Now, these are quick and easy ways to bring 3D into your workflow, and it isn’t cheating – it’s the same as using a ruler to draw a straight line. However, if you want to go deeper into the 3D world, then there are various approaches to creating models. Each method has its own benefits depending on what you intend to do with the results.
Once you’ve grasped the basics of modelling methods and chosen what suits your projects best, you can block out scenes, place characters and props easily and then move on, using a 3D camera to set perspective and points of view – vastly speeding up your creation process. Here, I'll explain the three most commonly used methods of 3D modelling.
Use these three methods to model an object
1. Polygons, Edges and Vertices
A polygon is essentially a triangle that’s formed from three vertices, one at each point, with edges that span these. A polygon model is simply hundreds, thousands, or even millions of these triangles combined to create a shape. The greater the number of polygons used, the more refined the model can be.
2. Take your polygons further
A step above polygon modelling is the use of Subdivision Surfaces. This is used to make a polygon model appear smoother. It does this using an algorithm that removes any harsh angles, yet it adds no extra topology to the base, proxy model. This means you get an increase in quality without a dip in performance.
3. Use Curves and NURBS
NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines) is a curve-based modelling system. Lines, also known as splines, are created from points (control vertices) and are used to help guide the creation of surfaces. Much like when you pitch a tent, the poles are the lines that are used to plot where the tent fabric – or surface – is stretched.
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